Typpi
7
N
Ryhmä
15
Jakso
2
Lohko
p
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
7
7
7
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
7
Atomipaino
14,0067
Massaluku
14
Luokka
Muut epämetallit
Väri
Väritön
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the Latin word nitrum, Greek Nitron, native soda; and genes, forming
Kiderakenne
Yksinkertainen kuusikulmainen
Historia
Nitrogen is considered to have been discovered by Scottish physician Daniel Rutherford in 1772, who called it noxious air or fixed air.
It was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish and Joseph Priestley.
In 1790 the French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal named the element nitrogen.
It was also studied at about the same time by Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Henry Cavendish and Joseph Priestley.
In 1790 the French chemist Jean-Antoine-Claude Chaptal named the element nitrogen.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 5
Orbitaalirakenne
[He] 2s2 2p3
Nitrogen is present in all living organisms, in proteins, nucleic acids and other molecules
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kaasu
Tiheys
0,0012506 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
63,15 K | -210 °C | -346 °F
Kiehumispiste
77,36 K | -195,79 °C | -320,42 °F
Sulamislämpö
0,36 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
2,79 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
1,04 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,002%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
0,1%
CAS-numero
7727-37-9
PubChem CID-numero
947
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
56 pm
Kovalenttisäde
71 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
3,04 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
14,5341 eV
Moolitilavuus
17,3 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,0002598 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
-3, -2, -1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Käyttö
Nitrogen is used to produce ammonia and fertilizers, vital for current food production methods.
Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant.
Nitric acid is used as an oxidizing agent in liquid fueled rockets.
Nitrogen is a constituent of molecules in every major drug class in pharmacology and medicine.
Liquid nitrogen is used as a refrigerant.
Nitric acid is used as an oxidizing agent in liquid fueled rockets.
Nitrogen is a constituent of molecules in every major drug class in pharmacology and medicine.
Rapid release of nitrogen gas into an enclosed space can displace oxygen, and therefore represents an asphyxiation hazard
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
14N, 15NEpävakaat isotoopit
10N, 11N, 12N, 13N, 16N, 17N, 18N, 19N, 20N, 21N, 22N, 23N, 24N, 25N