Vismutti
83
Bi
Ryhmä
15
Jakso
6
Lohko
p
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
83
83
126
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
83
Atomipaino
208,9804
Massaluku
209
Luokka
Muut metallit
Väri
Harmaa
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the German Weisse Masse, meaning white mass
Kiderakenne
Päätepintakeskinen monokliininen
Historia
Bismuth has been known since ancient times, so no one person is credited with its discovery.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
The element was confused in early times with tin and lead because of its resemblance to those elements.
In 1753, French chemist Claude François Geoffroy demonstrated that this metal is distinct from lead and tin.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 5
Orbitaalirakenne
[Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s2 6p3
Bismuth has unusually high electrical resistance for a metal
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
9,78 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
544,65 K | 271,5 °C | 520,7 °F
Kiehumispiste
1837,15 K | 1564 °C | 2847,2 °F
Sulamislämpö
10,9 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
160 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,122 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
2,5×10-6%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
7×10-8%
CAS-numero
7440-69-9
PubChem CID-numero
5359367
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
156 pm
Kovalenttisäde
148 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
2,02 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
7,2856 eV
Moolitilavuus
21,3 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,0797 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
-3, 3, 5
Käyttö
Bismuth is used in producing malleable irons and is used as a catalyst for making acrylic fibers.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth oxychloride is used in cosmetics, as a pigment in paint for eye shadows, hair sprays and nail polishes.
It has also been used as a replacement for lead in shot, bullets and less-lethal riot gun ammunition.
Bismuth is considered to be non-toxic
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
-Epävakaat isotoopit
184Bi, 185Bi, 186Bi, 187Bi, 188Bi, 189Bi, 190Bi, 191Bi, 192Bi, 193Bi, 194Bi, 195Bi, 196Bi, 197Bi, 198Bi, 199Bi, 200Bi, 201Bi, 202Bi, 203Bi, 204Bi, 205Bi, 206Bi, 207Bi, 208Bi, 209Bi, 210Bi, 211Bi, 212Bi, 213Bi, 214Bi, 215Bi, 216Bi, 217Bi, 218Bi