Terbium
65
Tb
Ryhmä
Ei saatavilla
Jakso
6
Lohko
f
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
65
65
94
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
65
Atomipaino
158,92535
Massaluku
159
Luokka
Lantanoidit
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
Terbium was named after Ytterby, a town in Sweden
Kiderakenne
Yksinkertainen kuusikulmainen
Historia
Terbium was discovered in 1843 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustaf Mosander, who detected it as an impurity in yttria.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Using ammonium hydroxide he precipitated fractions of different basicity from yttria.
In these fractions he found that the fraction that was essentially colorless in solution, but gave a brown-tinged oxide was terbium.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 27, 8, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Xe] 4f9 6s2
Terbium is soft enough to be cut with a knife
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
8,229 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1629,15 K | 1356 °C | 2472,8 °F
Kiehumispiste
3503,15 K | 3230 °C | 5846 °F
Sulamislämpö
10,8 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
295 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,182 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,000093%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
5×10-8%
CAS-numero
7440-27-9
PubChem CID-numero
23958
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
177 pm
Kovalenttisäde
194 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,2 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
5,8638 eV
Moolitilavuus
19,20 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,111 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
1, 3, 4
Käyttö
Terbium is used in alloys and in the production of electronic devices.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
It is also used as a dopant for materials in solid-state devices and optical fibers.
Terbium oxide is in fluorescent lamps and TV tubes.
The brilliant fluorescence allows terbium to be used as a probe in biochemistry.
Terbium is considered to be moderately toxic
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
159TbEpävakaat isotoopit
136Tb, 137Tb, 138Tb, 139Tb, 140Tb, 141Tb, 142Tb, 143Tb, 144Tb, 145Tb, 146Tb, 147Tb, 148Tb, 149Tb, 150Tb, 151Tb, 152Tb, 153Tb, 154Tb, 155Tb, 156Tb, 157Tb, 158Tb, 160Tb, 161Tb, 162Tb, 163Tb, 164Tb, 165Tb, 166Tb, 167Tb, 168Tb, 169Tb, 170Tb, 171Tb