Lantaani
57
La
Ryhmä
Ei saatavilla
Jakso
6
Lohko
f
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
57
57
82
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
57
Atomipaino
138,90547
Massaluku
139
Luokka
Lantanoidit
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the Greek word lanthanein, to lie hidden
Kiderakenne
Yksinkertainen kuusikulmainen
Historia
Lanthanum was discovered in 1839 by Swedish chemist Carl Gustav Mosander.
He partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid.
From the resulting solution, he obtained a pale brick colored oxide of the new rare earth.
Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923.
He partially decomposed a sample of cerium nitrate by heating and treating the resulting salt with dilute nitric acid.
From the resulting solution, he obtained a pale brick colored oxide of the new rare earth.
Lanthanum was isolated in relatively pure form in 1923.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 18, 9, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Xe] 5d1 6s2
Lanthanum is the most reactive of the rare earth metals
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
6,145 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1193,15 K | 920 °C | 1688 °F
Kiehumispiste
3737,15 K | 3464 °C | 6267,2 °F
Sulamislämpö
6,2 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
400 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,195 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,0034%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
2×10-7%
CAS-numero
7439-91-0
PubChem CID-numero
23926
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
187 pm
Kovalenttisäde
207 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,1 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
5,5769 eV
Moolitilavuus
22,5 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,135 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
2, 3
Käyttö
Lanthanum is used in large quantities in batteries for hybrid automobiles.
It is also used to make night vision goggles.
Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron.
Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood levels of phosphate in patients with kidney disease.
It is also used to make night vision goggles.
Small amounts of lanthanum, as an additive, can be used to produce nodular cast iron.
Lanthanum carbonate is used to reduce blood levels of phosphate in patients with kidney disease.
Lanthanum and its compounds are considered to be moderately toxic
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
139LaEpävakaat isotoopit
117La, 118La, 119La, 120La, 121La, 122La, 123La, 124La, 125La, 126La, 127La, 128La, 129La, 130La, 131La, 132La, 133La, 134La, 135La, 136La, 137La, 138La, 140La, 141La, 142La, 143La, 144La, 145La, 146La, 147La, 148La, 149La, 150La, 151La, 152La, 153La, 154La, 155La