Barium
56
Ba
Ryhmä
2
Jakso
6
Lohko
s
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
56
56
81
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
56
Atomipaino
137,327
Massaluku
137
Luokka
Maa-alkalimetallit
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the Greek word barys, heavy
Kiderakenne
Tilakeskinen kuutiollinen
Historia
Barium was identified as a new element in 1774 by Carl Wilhelm Scheele.
Barium was first isolated by electrolysis of molten barium salts in 1808, by Sir Humphry Davy in England.
Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen obtained pure barium by electrolysis of a molten mixture of barium chloride and ammonium chloride.
Barium was first isolated by electrolysis of molten barium salts in 1808, by Sir Humphry Davy in England.
Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen obtained pure barium by electrolysis of a molten mixture of barium chloride and ammonium chloride.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 18, 8, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Xe] 6s2
At low doses, barium acts as a muscle stimulant
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
3,594 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1000,15 K | 727 °C | 1340,6 °F
Kiehumispiste
2170,15 K | 1897 °C | 3446,6 °F
Sulamislämpö
8 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
140 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,204 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,034%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
1×10-6%
CAS-numero
7440-39-3
PubChem CID-numero
5355457
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
222 pm
Kovalenttisäde
215 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
0,89 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
5,2117 eV
Moolitilavuus
39,24 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,184 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
2
Käyttö
Barium is used as a flashed getter in vacuum tubes to remove the last traces of gases.
It is often used in barium-nickel alloys for spark plug wire.
Barium sulfate is important to the petroleum industry as a drilling fluid in oil and gas wells.
Barium is also used in medicine to detect abnormalities in the digestive system.
It is often used in barium-nickel alloys for spark plug wire.
Barium sulfate is important to the petroleum industry as a drilling fluid in oil and gas wells.
Barium is also used in medicine to detect abnormalities in the digestive system.
Water-soluble barium compounds are poisonous
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
130Ba, 132Ba, 134Ba, 135Ba, 136Ba, 137Ba, 138BaEpävakaat isotoopit
114Ba, 115Ba, 116Ba, 117Ba, 118Ba, 119Ba, 120Ba, 121Ba, 122Ba, 123Ba, 124Ba, 125Ba, 126Ba, 127Ba, 128Ba, 129Ba, 131Ba, 133Ba, 139Ba, 140Ba, 141Ba, 142Ba, 143Ba, 144Ba, 145Ba, 146Ba, 147Ba, 148Ba, 149Ba, 150Ba, 151Ba, 152Ba, 153Ba