Indium
49
In
Ryhmä
13
Jakso
5
Lohko
p
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
49
49
66
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
49
Atomipaino
114,818
Massaluku
115
Luokka
Muut metallit
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the brilliant indigo line in its spectrum
Kiderakenne
Tilakeskinen tetragoninen
Historia
Ferdinand Reich and Hieronymous Theodor Richter first identified indium in sphalerite by its bright indigo-blue spectroscopic emission line.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
As no element was known with a bright blue emission they concluded that a new element was present in the minerals.
Richter went on to isolate the metal in 1864.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 18, 3
Orbitaalirakenne
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p1
When it is bent, indium emits a high-pitched 'cry'
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
7,31 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
429,75 K | 156,6 °C | 313,88 °F
Kiehumispiste
2345,15 K | 2072 °C | 3761,6 °F
Sulamislämpö
3,26 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
230 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,233 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,000016%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
3×10-8%
CAS-numero
7440-74-6
PubChem CID-numero
5359967
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
167 pm
Kovalenttisäde
142 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,78 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
5,7864 eV
Moolitilavuus
15,7 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,816 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
1, 2, 3
Käyttö
Indium's current primary application is to form transparent electrodes from indium tin oxide in liquid crystal displays and touchscreens.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
It is widely used in thin-films to form lubricated layers.
It is also used for making particularly low melting point alloys, and is a component in some lead-free solders.
Indium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
113InEpävakaat isotoopit
97In, 98In, 99In, 100In, 101In, 102In, 103In, 104In, 105In, 106In, 107In, 108In, 109In, 110In, 111In, 112In, 114In, 115In, 116In, 117In, 118In, 119In, 120In, 121In, 122In, 123In, 124In, 125In, 126In, 127In, 128In, 129In, 130In, 131In, 132In, 133In, 134In, 135In