Kadmium
48
Cd
Ryhmä
12
Jakso
5
Lohko
d
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
48
48
64
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
48
Atomipaino
112,411
Massaluku
112
Luokka
Siirtymäalkuaineet
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the Latin word cadmia, Greek kadmeia - the ancient name for calamine, zinc carbonate
Kiderakenne
Yksinkertainen kuusikulmainen
Historia
Cadmium was discovered by German chemist Friedrich Stromeyer in 1817 as an impurity in zinc carbonate.
Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.
Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Stromeyer noted that some impure samples of calamine (zinc carbonate) changed color when heated but pure calamine did not.
Cadmium was independently discovered by German chemist Karl Hermann in 1818.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 18, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Kr] 4d10 5s2
Cadmium is a soft metal which is easily cut with a knife
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
8,69 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
594,22 K | 321,07 °C | 609,93 °F
Kiehumispiste
1040,15 K | 767 °C | 1412,6 °F
Sulamislämpö
6,3 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
100 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,232 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,000015%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
2×10-7%
CAS-numero
7440-43-9
PubChem CID-numero
23973
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
151 pm
Kovalenttisäde
144 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,69 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
8,9938 eV
Moolitilavuus
13,1 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,968 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
1, 2
Käyttö
Cadmium is a key component in battery production.
It is also is used in electroplating.
Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.
Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
It is also is used in electroplating.
Cadmium oxide is used in black and white television phosphors and in the blue and green phosphors for color television picture tubes.
Cadmium is used as a barrier to control neutrons in nuclear fission.
Cadmium and its compounds are highly toxic
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
106Cd, 108Cd, 110Cd, 111Cd, 112Cd, 114CdEpävakaat isotoopit
95Cd, 96Cd, 97Cd, 98Cd, 99Cd, 100Cd, 101Cd, 102Cd, 103Cd, 104Cd, 105Cd, 107Cd, 109Cd, 113Cd, 115Cd, 116Cd, 117Cd, 118Cd, 119Cd, 120Cd, 121Cd, 122Cd, 123Cd, 124Cd, 125Cd, 126Cd, 127Cd, 128Cd, 129Cd, 130Cd, 131Cd, 132Cd