Yttrium
39
Y
Ryhmä
3
Jakso
5
Lohko
d
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
39
39
50
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
39
Atomipaino
88,90585
Massaluku
89
Luokka
Siirtymäalkuaineet
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
Named after Ytterby, a village in Sweden near Vauxholm
Kiderakenne
Yksinkertainen kuusikulmainen
Historia
In 1787, Carl Axel Arrhenius found a new mineral near Ytterby in Sweden and named it ytterbite, after the village.
Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.
Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Johan Gadolin discovered yttrium's oxide in Arrhenius' sample in 1789, and Anders Gustaf Ekeberg named the new oxide yttria.
Elemental yttrium was first isolated in 1828 by Friedrich Wöhler.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 9, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Kr] 4d1 5s2
Finely divided yttrium is very unstable in air
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
4,469 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1799,15 K | 1526 °C | 2778,8 °F
Kiehumispiste
3609,15 K | 3336 °C | 6036,8 °F
Sulamislämpö
11,4 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
380 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,298 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,0029%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
7×10-7%
CAS-numero
7440-65-5
PubChem CID-numero
23993
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
180 pm
Kovalenttisäde
190 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,22 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
6,2173 eV
Moolitilavuus
19,8 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,172 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
1, 2, 3
Käyttö
Yttrium is often used in alloys, increasing the strength of aluminum and magnesium alloys.
Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.
It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.
Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Yttrium is one of the elements used to make the red color in CRT televisions.
It is also used as a deoxidizer for non-ferrous metals such as vanadium.
Yttrium can be used in laser systems and as a catalyst for ethylene polymerization reactions.
Exposure to yttrium compounds in humans may cause lung disease
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
89YEpävakaat isotoopit
76Y, 77Y, 78Y, 79Y, 80Y, 81Y, 82Y, 83Y, 84Y, 85Y, 86Y, 87Y, 88Y, 90Y, 91Y, 92Y, 93Y, 94Y, 95Y, 96Y, 97Y, 98Y, 99Y, 100Y, 101Y, 102Y, 103Y, 104Y, 105Y, 106Y, 107Y, 108Y