Skandium
21
Sc
Ryhmä
3
Jakso
4
Lohko
d
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
21
21
24
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
21
Atomipaino
44,955912
Massaluku
45
Luokka
Siirtymäalkuaineet
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the Latin word Scandia, Scandinavia
Kiderakenne
Yksinkertainen kuusikulmainen
Historia
In 1879, Lars Fredrik Nilson and his team detected scandium in the minerals euxenite and gadolinite.
Nilson prepared 2 grams of scandium oxide of high purity.
Per Teodor Cleve showed that scandium had properties similar to those predicted by Mendeleev for eka-boron.
Metallic scandium was first prepared in 1937 by Fischer and his colleagues.
Nilson prepared 2 grams of scandium oxide of high purity.
Per Teodor Cleve showed that scandium had properties similar to those predicted by Mendeleev for eka-boron.
Metallic scandium was first prepared in 1937 by Fischer and his colleagues.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 9, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Ar] 3d1 4s2
The stable form of scandium is created in supernovas via the r-process
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
2,989 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1814,15 K | 1541 °C | 2805,8 °F
Kiehumispiste
3109,15 K | 2836 °C | 5136,8 °F
Sulamislämpö
16 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
318 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,568 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,0026%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
3×10-6%
CAS-numero
7440-20-2
PubChem CID-numero
23952
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
162 pm
Kovalenttisäde
170 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,36 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
6,5615 eV
Moolitilavuus
15,0 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,158 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
1, 2, 3
Käyttö
Scandium is used in sports equipment such as golf iron shafts, baseball bats, bicycle frames and fishing rods.
Scandium iodide, along with sodium iodide, when added to a modified form of mercury-vapor lamp, produces a form of metal halide lamp.
The radioactive isotope 46Sc is used in oil refineries as a tracing agent.
Scandium iodide, along with sodium iodide, when added to a modified form of mercury-vapor lamp, produces a form of metal halide lamp.
The radioactive isotope 46Sc is used in oil refineries as a tracing agent.
Scandium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
45ScEpävakaat isotoopit
36Sc, 37Sc, 38Sc, 39Sc, 40Sc, 41Sc, 42Sc, 43Sc, 44Sc, 46Sc, 47Sc, 48Sc, 49Sc, 50Sc, 51Sc, 52Sc, 53Sc, 54Sc, 55Sc, 56Sc, 57Sc, 58Sc, 59Sc, 60Sc