Alumiini
13
Al
Ryhmä
13
Jakso
3
Lohko
p
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
13
13
14
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
13
Atomipaino
26,9815386
Massaluku
27
Luokka
Muut metallit
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the Latin word alumen, alum
Kiderakenne
Pintakeskinen kuutiollinen
Historia
In 1761, Guyton de Morveau proposed the name alumine for the base in alum, and Antoine Lavoisier, in 1787, thought this to be the oxide of a still undiscovered metal.
Sir Humphry Davy identified the existence of a metal base of alum in 1808.
Hans Christian Ørsted was the first to isolate metallic aluminum in 1825 in impure form.
Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827.
Sir Humphry Davy identified the existence of a metal base of alum in 1808.
Hans Christian Ørsted was the first to isolate metallic aluminum in 1825 in impure form.
Friedrich Wöhler is generally credited with having isolated the metal in 1827.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 3
Orbitaalirakenne
[Ne] 3s2 3p1
Aluminum does not stick to magnets under normal conditions
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
2,698 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
933,47 K | 660,32 °C | 1220,58 °F
Kiehumispiste
2792,15 K | 2519 °C | 4566,2 °F
Sulamislämpö
10,7 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
293 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,897 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
8,1%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
0,005%
CAS-numero
7429-90-5
PubChem CID-numero
5359268
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
143 pm
Kovalenttisäde
121 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,61 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
5,9858 eV
Moolitilavuus
9,98 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
2,37 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
1, 3
Käyttö
Aluminum is used in an extensive range of products from drinks cans to window frames and boats to aircraft.
It is used in electrical transmission lines.
It is also used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications.
When alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties.
It is used in electrical transmission lines.
It is also used for kitchen utensils, outside building decoration, and in thousands of industrial applications.
When alloyed with small amounts of copper, magnesium, silicon, manganese, or other elements impart a variety of useful properties.
Aluminum is not known to be toxic
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
27AlEpävakaat isotoopit
21Al, 22Al, 23Al, 24Al, 25Al, 26Al, 28Al, 29Al, 30Al, 31Al, 32Al, 33Al, 34Al, 35Al, 36Al, 37Al, 38Al, 39Al, 40Al, 41Al, 42Al