Kalifornium
98
Cf
Ryhmä
Ei saatavilla
Jakso
7
Lohko
f
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
98
98
153
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
98
Atomipaino
[251]
Massaluku
251
Luokka
Aktinoidit
Väri
Ei saatavilla
Radioaktiivisuus
Kyllä
Named after California and the University of California
Kiderakenne
Yksinkertainen kuusikulmainen
Historia
Californium was discovered by Stanley G. Thompson, Kenneth Street, Jr., Albert Ghiorso and Glenn T. Seaborg in 1950 at the University of California, Berkeley.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
It was produced by the bombardment of curium with alpha particles.
Californium was isolated in macro quantities for the first time by Burris Cunningham and Stanley Thompson in 1958.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 32, 28, 8, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Rn] 5f10 7s2
Californium is produced in nuclear reactors and particle accelerators
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
15,1 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1173,15 K | 900 °C | 1652 °F
Kiehumispiste
-
Sulamislämpö
Ei saatavilla
Höyrystymislämpö
Ei saatavilla
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
-
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
Ei saatavilla
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
Ei saatavilla
CAS-numero
7440-71-3
PubChem CID-numero
Ei saatavilla
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
-
Kovalenttisäde
-
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,3 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
6,2817 eV
Moolitilavuus
18,4 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,1 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
2, 3, 4
Käyttö
Californium is used as a portable neutron source for discovery of metals such as gold or silver by on-the-spot activation analysis.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Neutrons from californium are employed as a treatment of certain cervical and brain cancers where other radiation therapy is ineffective.
Neutron moisture gauges use californium-252 to find water and petroleum layers in oil wells.
Californium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
-Epävakaat isotoopit
237Cf, 238Cf, 239Cf, 240Cf, 241Cf, 242Cf, 243Cf, 244Cf, 245Cf, 246Cf, 247Cf, 248Cf, 249Cf, 250Cf, 251Cf, 252Cf, 253Cf, 254Cf, 255Cf, 256Cf