Plutonium
94
Pu
Ryhmä
Ei saatavilla
Jakso
7
Lohko
f
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
94
94
150
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
94
Atomipaino
[244]
Massaluku
244
Luokka
Aktinoidit
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Kyllä
Named after the planet Pluto
Kiderakenne
Yksinkertainen monokliininen
Historia
Plutonium was first produced in 1940 by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin M. McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Plutonium-238 was produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium-238 in the 60-inch cyclotron at the University of California, Berkeley.
The Berkeley team made neptunium-238 which decayed to plutonium-238.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 32, 24, 8, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Rn] 5f6 7s2
The atomic bomb dropped on Nagasaki, Japan in 1945 had a plutonium core
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
19,816 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
912,55 K | 639,4 °C | 1182,92 °F
Kiehumispiste
3501,15 K | 3228 °C | 5842,4 °F
Sulamislämpö
Ei saatavilla
Höyrystymislämpö
325 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
-
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
Ei saatavilla
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
Ei saatavilla
Kuvalähteet: Wikimedia Commons (Los Alamos National Laboratory)
A ring of weapons-grade 99.96% pure electrorefined plutonium, enough for one bomb core
CAS-numero
7440-07-5
PubChem CID-numero
23940
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
159 pm
Kovalenttisäde
187 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,28 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
6,0262 eV
Moolitilavuus
12,32 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,0674 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8
Käyttö
The isotope plutonium-239 is a key fissile component in nuclear weapons, due to its ease of fission and availability.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium-238 has also been used successfully to power artificial heart pacemakers, to reduce the risk of repeated surgery.
Plutonium-238 mixed with beryllium is used to generate neutrons for research purposes.
Plutonium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
-Epävakaat isotoopit
228Pu, 229Pu, 230Pu, 231Pu, 232Pu, 233Pu, 234Pu, 235Pu, 236Pu, 237Pu, 238Pu, 239Pu, 240Pu, 241Pu, 242Pu, 243Pu, 244Pu, 245Pu, 246Pu, 247Pu