Prometium
61
Pm
Ryhmä
Ei saatavilla
Jakso
6
Lohko
f
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
61
61
84
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
61
Atomipaino
[145]
Massaluku
145
Luokka
Lantanoidit
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Kyllä
Named after the Greek Prometheus, who, according to mythology, stole fire from heaven
Kiderakenne
Ei saatavilla
Historia
The existence of an element between neodymium and samarium was first predicted by Czech chemist Bohuslav Brauner in 1902.
Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.
It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Promethium was first produced and characterized at Oak Ridge National Laboratory in 1945 by Jacob A. Marinsky, Lawrence E. Glendenin and Charles D. Coryell.
It was produced by the separation and analysis of the fission products of uranium fuel irradiated in a graphite reactor.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 23, 8, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Xe] 4f5 6s2
Promethium is the only lanthanide that has no stable isotopes
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
7,26 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1315,15 K | 1042 °C | 1907,6 °F
Kiehumispiste
3273,15 K | 3000 °C | 5432 °F
Sulamislämpö
7,7 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
290 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
-
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
Ei saatavilla
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
Ei saatavilla
Kuvalähteet: Wikimedia Commons (Geomartin)
Pitchblende, a uranium ore and the host for most of Earth's promethium
CAS-numero
7440-12-2
PubChem CID-numero
Ei saatavilla
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
183 pm
Kovalenttisäde
199 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
-
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
5,582 eV
Moolitilavuus
22,39 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,179 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
3
Käyttö
Promethium is also used in atomic batteries for spacecraft and guided missiles.
Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.
It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is also used to measure the thickness of materials by evaluating the amount of radiation from a promethium source that passes through the sample.
It has possible future uses in portable X-ray sources, and as auxiliary heat or power sources for space probes and satellites.
Promethium is harmful due to its radioactivity
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
-Epävakaat isotoopit
126Pm, 127Pm, 128Pm, 129Pm, 130Pm, 131Pm, 132Pm, 133Pm, 134Pm, 135Pm, 136Pm, 137Pm, 138Pm, 139Pm, 140Pm, 141Pm, 142Pm, 143Pm, 144Pm, 145Pm, 146Pm, 147Pm, 148Pm, 149Pm, 150Pm, 151Pm, 152Pm, 153Pm, 154Pm, 155Pm, 156Pm, 157Pm, 158Pm, 159Pm, 160Pm, 161Pm, 162Pm, 163Pm