Jodi
53
I
Ryhmä
17
Jakso
5
Lohko
p
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
53
53
74
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
53
Atomipaino
126,90447
Massaluku
127
Luokka
Halogeenit
Väri
Liuskeenharmaa
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the Greek word iodes, violet
Kiderakenne
Päätepintakeskinen rombinen
Historia
Iodine was discovered by French chemist Bernard Courtois in 1811.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
He treated the liquor obtained from the extraction of kelp, with sulfuric acid to produce a vapour with a violet color.
In 1812, Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac demonstrated that iodine was an element and its chemical relationship to chlorine.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 18, 7
Orbitaalirakenne
[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p5
Kelp was the main source of natural iodine in the 18th and 19th centuries
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
4,93 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
386,85 K | 113,7 °C | 236,66 °F
Kiehumispiste
457,4 K | 184,25 °C | 363,65 °F
Sulamislämpö
7,76 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
20,9 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,214 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,000049%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
1×10-7%
CAS-numero
7553-56-2
PubChem CID-numero
807
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
140 pm
Kovalenttisäde
139 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
2,66 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
10,4513 eV
Moolitilavuus
25,74 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,00449 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
-1, 1, 3, 5, 7
Käyttö
Iodine compounds are important in organic chemistry and very useful in medicine.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
A solution containing potassium iodide and iodine in alcohol is used to disinfect external wounds.
Silver iodide is a major ingredient to traditional photographic film.
Iodine is added to table salt to prevent thyroid disease.
Elemental iodine is toxic if taken orally
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
127IEpävakaat isotoopit
108I, 109I, 110I, 111I, 112I, 113I, 114I, 115I, 116I, 117I, 118I, 119I, 120I, 121I, 122I, 123I, 124I, 125I, 126I, 128I, 129I, 130I, 131I, 132I, 133I, 134I, 135I, 136I, 137I, 138I, 139I, 140I, 141I, 142I, 143I, 144I