Palladium
46
Pd
Ryhmä
10
Jakso
5
Lohko
d
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
46
46
60
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
46
Atomipaino
106,42
Massaluku
106
Luokka
Siirtymäalkuaineet
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
Palladium was named after the asteroid Pallas; Pallas was the Greek goddess of wisdom
Kiderakenne
Pintakeskinen kuutiollinen
Historia
Palladium was discovered in 1803, in London, by English chemist William Hyde Wollaston.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
He examined the residues left from platinum after dissolving it in aqua regia, a concentrated solution of hydrochloric and nitric acids.
He then isolated palladium in a series of chemical reactions.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 18
Orbitaalirakenne
[Kr] 4d10
In the late 1800s, palladium was more expensive than platinum
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
12,02 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1828,05 K | 1554,9 °C | 2830,82 °F
Kiehumispiste
3236,15 K | 2963 °C | 5365,4 °F
Sulamislämpö
16,7 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
380 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,244 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
6,3×10-7%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
2×10-7%
CAS-numero
7440-05-3
PubChem CID-numero
23938
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
137 pm
Kovalenttisäde
139 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
2,2 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
8,3369 eV
Moolitilavuus
8,9 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,718 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
2, 4
Käyttö
The largest use of palladium is in catalytic converters in the automobile industry.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Finely divided palladium is a good catalyst and is used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.
The metal is used in dentistry, watch making, and in making surgical instruments and electrical contacts.
Palladium is considered to be of low toxicity
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
102Pd, 104Pd, 105Pd, 106Pd, 108Pd, 110PdEpävakaat isotoopit
91Pd, 92Pd, 93Pd, 94Pd, 95Pd, 96Pd, 97Pd, 98Pd, 99Pd, 100Pd, 101Pd, 103Pd, 107Pd, 109Pd, 111Pd, 112Pd, 113Pd, 114Pd, 115Pd, 116Pd, 117Pd, 118Pd, 119Pd, 120Pd, 121Pd, 122Pd, 123Pd, 124Pd