Rubidium
37
Rb
Ryhmä
1
Jakso
5
Lohko
s
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
37
37
48
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
37
Atomipaino
85,4678
Massaluku
85
Luokka
Alkalimetallit
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the Latin word rubidus, deepest red
Kiderakenne
Tilakeskinen kuutiollinen
Historia
German chemists Robert Bunsen and Gustav Kirchhoff discovered rubidium in 1861 by the newly developed method of flame spectroscopy.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
The separation of the metal was tried by Bunsen, but he never got samples with more than 18% of Rubidium.
The separation of the metal was only accomplished by George de Hevesy, through the hydrolysis of melted rubidium hydroxide.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 18, 8, 1
Orbitaalirakenne
[Kr] 5s1
Rubidium burns with a reddish-violet flame color
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
1,532 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
312,46 K | 39,31 °C | 102,76 °F
Kiehumispiste
961,15 K | 688 °C | 1270,4 °F
Sulamislämpö
2,19 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
72 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,363 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,006%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
1×10-6%
CAS-numero
7440-17-7
PubChem CID-numero
5357696
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
248 pm
Kovalenttisäde
220 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
0,82 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
4,1771 eV
Moolitilavuus
55,9 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,582 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
-1, 1
Käyttö
Rubidium is used as a getter in vacuum tubes and as a photocell component.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium compounds are sometimes used in fireworks to give them a purple color.
Rubidium salts are used in glasses and ceramics.
Rubidium-87 is slightly radioactive and has been used extensively in dating rocks.
Rubidium is not known to be toxic
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
85RbEpävakaat isotoopit
71Rb, 72Rb, 73Rb, 74Rb, 75Rb, 76Rb, 77Rb, 78Rb, 79Rb, 80Rb, 81Rb, 82Rb, 83Rb, 84Rb, 86Rb, 87Rb, 88Rb, 89Rb, 90Rb, 91Rb, 92Rb, 93Rb, 94Rb, 95Rb, 96Rb, 97Rb, 98Rb, 99Rb, 100Rb, 101Rb, 102Rb