Nikkeli
28
Ni
Ryhmä
10
Jakso
4
Lohko
d
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
28
28
31
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
28
Atomipaino
58,6934
Massaluku
59
Luokka
Siirtymäalkuaineet
Väri
Harmaa
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
From the German word Nickel (Satan), and from kupfernickel, Old Nick's copper
Kiderakenne
Pintakeskinen kuutiollinen
Historia
Artifacts made from metallic meteorites have been found dating from as early as 5000 BC.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.
In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 16, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Ar] 3d8 4s2
Nickel is 100 times more concentrated below Earth's crust than in it
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
8,912 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
1728,15 K | 1455 °C | 2651 °F
Kiehumispiste
3186,15 K | 2913 °C | 5275,4 °F
Sulamislämpö
17,2 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
378 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,444 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,0089%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
0,006%
CAS-numero
7440-02-0
PubChem CID-numero
935
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
124 pm
Kovalenttisäde
124 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,91 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
7,6398 eV
Moolitilavuus
6,59 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,907 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Käyttö
Nickel is used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.
Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Nickel and its compounds are considered to be carcinogenic
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni, 64NiEpävakaat isotoopit
48Ni, 49Ni, 50Ni, 51Ni, 52Ni, 53Ni, 54Ni, 55Ni, 56Ni, 57Ni, 59Ni, 63Ni, 65Ni, 66Ni, 67Ni, 68Ni, 69Ni, 70Ni, 71Ni, 72Ni, 73Ni, 74Ni, 75Ni, 76Ni, 77Ni, 78Ni