Vanadiini
23
V
Ryhmä
5
Jakso
4
Lohko
d
Protonia
Elektronit
Neutronia
23
23
28
Yleiset ominaisuudet
Järjestysluku
23
Atomipaino
50,9415
Massaluku
51
Luokka
Siirtymäalkuaineet
Väri
Hopea
Radioaktiivisuus
Ei
Named after Scandinavian goddess, Vanadis
Kiderakenne
Tilakeskinen kuutiollinen
Historia
Vanadium was originally discovered by Andrés Manuel del Río in 1801.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
In 1805, the French chemist Hippolyte Victor Collet-Descotils incorrectly declared that del Río's new element was only an impure sample of chromium.
In 1831, the Swedish chemist Nils Gabriel Sefström rediscovered the element in a new oxide he found while working with iron ores.
Later that same year, Friedrich Wöhler confirmed del Río's earlier work.
Elektroneja elektronikuorilla
2, 8, 11, 2
Orbitaalirakenne
[Ar] 3d3 4s2
Vanadium is mined mostly in South Africa, north-western China, and eastern Russia
Fyysiset ominaisuudet
Olomuoto
Kiinteä
Tiheys
6,11 g/cm3
Sulamispiste
2183,15 K | 1910 °C | 3470 °F
Kiehumispiste
3680,15 K | 3407 °C | 6164,6 °F
Sulamislämpö
22,8 kJ/mol
Höyrystymislämpö
453 kJ/mol
Ominaislämpökapasiteetti
0,489 J/g·K
Esiintyvyys maankuoressa
0,019%
Esiintyvyys maailmankaikkeudessa
0,0001%
CAS-numero
7440-62-2
PubChem CID-numero
23990
Atomiominaisuudet
Atomisäde
134 pm
Kovalenttisäde
153 pm
Elektronegatiivisuus
1,63 (Paulingin asteikko)
Ionisoitumispotentiaali
6,8281 eV
Moolitilavuus
8,78 cm3/mol
Lämmönjohtavuus
0,307 W/cm·K
Hapetusluvut
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Käyttö
Vanadium is used as an additive in steel to strengthen and protect against corrosion.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
Titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy is used in jet engines and for high-speed aircraft.
Vanadium foil is used in cladding titanium to steel.
Vanadium pentoxide is used in ceramics and as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid.
All vanadium compounds should be considered toxic
Isotooppi
Vakaat isotoopit
51VEpävakaat isotoopit
40V, 41V, 42V, 43V, 44V, 45V, 46V, 47V, 48V, 49V, 50V, 52V, 53V, 54V, 55V, 56V, 57V, 58V, 59V, 60V, 61V, 62V, 63V, 64V, 65V